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By the first 100 years A.D., wine was being exported from Italy to Spain, Germany, and France. It wasen't long before these countries ended up developing their own vineyards. Over the next few centries France had become the dominant producer of wines on the world market. Monastaries are known to have been reponsible for establishing several of the most sought after wines in the vineyards of France. Exploration and settlement brought wine to Mexico, Argentina, and South Africa in the 1500's and 1600's. Considered to be the father of the California Wine Industry, Jean-Louis Vignes planted the first European wine vines in northern California. He founded the Buena Vista Winery in 1857, which boasts 1,000 acres of vineyards in both Sonoma and Napa counties, and produces over half a million bottles of wine per year!
Made from fermented grape juice, wine is classified into 3 basic types: Natural, Sparkling, & Fortified. Natural wines may be Red, White, & Rose, and be classified in taste as Dry, Medium, or Sweet. Sparkling wines are given a 2nd fermatation in which added yeast eats up the sugar in the wine and produces carbon dioxide to give the wine a carbonated nature, much like soda pop. Tiny bubbles noticed in sparkling wines are from this natural process, while larger bubbles indicate carbon dioxide was added by machine. Fortified wines, such as Port, Sherry, Marsala, Vermouth, Maderia, Muscat, and Sangria, were made to have a longer shelf life. While there are spirits that are made from wine, the fortification process is created by when alcohol is added to the wine, thus killing the yeast before the fermintation process is completed, which leaves residual sugar. The higher levels of alcohol and sweetness help to preserve the wine longer. Wine is usually aged for several years in wood barrels, allowing the wood to influence the characteristics of the wine from taste, color, depth, complexity, and so on.
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Wineries - Crab Orchard
Daniel Vineyards 200 Twin Oaks Road, Crab Orchard, WV 25827 Map 304 252-9750
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Wineries - Lewisburg
Country Vintner of WV 11 Dunn White Road, Lewisburg, WV 24901 Map 304 645-5522 Watts Roost Vineyard 2245 Blue Sulphur Pike, Lewisburg, WV 24901 Map 304 667-8843 Top of Page Wineries - Spencer Roan Vineyards Farm Winery 1585 Reedyville Road, Spencer, WV 25276 Map 304 927-3200 Top of Page Wineries - Summersville Kirkwood Winery 45 Winery Road, Summersville, WV 26651 Map 304 872-7332
Watts Roost Vineyard 2245 Blue Sulphur Pike, Lewisburg, WV 24901 Map 304 667-8843 Top of Page Wineries - Spencer Roan Vineyards Farm Winery 1585 Reedyville Road, Spencer, WV 25276 Map 304 927-3200 Top of Page Wineries - Summersville Kirkwood Winery 45 Winery Road, Summersville, WV 26651 Map 304 872-7332
Wineries - Spencer
Roan Vineyards Farm Winery 1585 Reedyville Road, Spencer, WV 25276 Map 304 927-3200
Wineries - Summersville
Kirkwood Winery 45 Winery Road, Summersville, WV 26651 Map 304 872-7332
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